HYBRIDIZATION TECHNIQUE IN COCONUT
Classified
into two varieties
Talls: Var. Typica : Commonly cultivated
ones
§Grows to 20-30m height
§Flowering in 6-10 years
§Productive life:Long lived upto 80-100
years.
§Common Talls:WCT,ECT, WAT,Panama Tall
§*Ist 15 years - 24 feet and afterwards 1 ft /
year.
Dwarfs: Var. Nana
§Flowers at 4-5 years
§Short stature 8-10 m at 20 years of age
§Productive life upto 50
years
§Needs more care and attention.
§Common dwarfs:Chowghat Green Dwarf,COD, Gangabondam
Talls
Talls :Var. Typica : Commonly cultivated
ones
§Grows to 20-30m height
§
§Flowering in 6-10 years
§
§Productive life:Long lived upto 80-100
years.
§
§Common Talls:WCT,ECT, WAT,Panama Tall
§
§*Ist 15 years - 24 feet and afterwards 1 ft /
year.
Healthy palm in midst of diseased palms
Healthy
crown of WCT palm
Dwarfs
Dwarfs: Var. Nana
§Flowers at 4-5 years
§Short stature 8-10 m at 20 years of age
§Productive life upto 50 years
§Needs more care and attention.
§Common dwarfs:Chowghat Green Dwarf,COD, Gangabondam
CGD Mother palm
Chavakkad Orange Dwarf
Breeding
technique
Long drawn, Slow and difficult process.
Ø Its
long juvenile phase before flowering
Ø Heterozygous
nature of the crop
Ø Lack
of pure inbreds
Ø Lack
of reproducible asexual method of rapid
multiplication.
Breeding system
•
Generally cross pollinated
•
Talls are cross pollinated
•
No over lapping of phases
•
Dwarfs are self pollinated
•
Overlapping of male and female phases
•
Talls are heterogeneous and dwarfs homogenous
Floral
biology
•
Inflorescence : Spadix
•
Male flowers 30-35 spikelets
•
200-300 male flowers/spikelet
•
8000-10,000 male flowers/infl.
•
Female flowers
•
Known as buttons
•
30-40/ infloresence
Floral Biology
WCT CGD
Male phase _ 1st to 21 st day 1st - 7 th Day
Interval (Gap) - 3 days 0
Female
phase - 25th - 30th days 3rd - 12 th days
(overlapping)
* Days after
opening of the inflorescence
HYBRIDISATION TECHNIQUE
• SELECTION OF MALE AND FEMALE PALMS
• NUMBERING OF SELECTED PALMS
• WATCH THE DATE OF INFLORESCENCE OPENING AND RECORD
• EMASCULATION
• BAGGING OF EMASCULATED INFLORESCENCE
• POLLEN COLLECTION FROM SELECTED MALE PALM
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